Consequentialism
What Is Consequentialism?
Consequentialism is a way of thinking about right and wrong. It says that the moral value of an action depends on its results. If the outcome brings more good than bad, the action is considered right. If it causes more harm, it’s seen as wrong. This idea focuses on what happens after we act, not on rules or intentions.
How It Works
- Identify The Possible Actions.
- Predict The Outcomes of each action for everyone involved.
- Weigh The Good And Bad Effects.
- Choose The Action that produces the best overall result.
Consequentialists often use the phrase “the greatest good for the greatest number.” They try to maximize happiness, reduce suffering, or achieve some other valuable goal.
Everyday Examples
- Recycling: You toss a bottle into a recycling bin because it helps the environment and benefits many people.
- Studying For A Test: You spend extra time reviewing because the good result—getting a good grade—outweighs the short‑term effort.
- Helping A Friend: You skip a video game to assist a friend with homework, believing the help will improve their grades and mood.
Common Criticisms
- Hard To Predict Outcomes. Sometimes we can’t know all the consequences of our choices.
- Ignores Intentions. Critics say that caring about why someone acted is also important.
- May Sacrifice Minorities. Focusing on the majority’s good could overlook the rights of smaller groups.
Understanding consequentialism helps you think carefully about the impact of your actions and consider the wider effects on others.